Risk of Borna Disease in Humans After Discovery of Virus in Hedgehogs
What is Borna Disease?
Borna disease is a rare but serious neurological disorder that primarily affects horses and sheep. It is caused by the Borna disease virus (BDV), which can also infect other animals, including hedgehogs.
In humans, BDV infection can cause a range of symptoms, including:
- Encephalitis (inflammation of the brain)
- Meningitis (inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord)
- Behavioral changes
- Cognitive impairment
- Motor deficits
How is Borna Disease Transmitted?
BDV is primarily transmitted through contact with infected animals or their bodily fluids. The virus can be spread through:
- Bites or scratches
- Contact with infected saliva, urine, or feces
- Inhalation of aerosolized virus particles
Risk of Borna Virus Infection in Humans
The risk of Borna virus infection in humans is generally considered to be low. However, certain individuals may be at higher risk, including:
- Veterinarians and animal handlers
- People who live in close proximity to infected animals
- People who handle animal carcasses or tissues
- People with weakened immune systems
Prevention and Treatment of Borna Disease
There is no specific treatment for Borna disease. Treatment is supportive and focuses on managing symptoms and preventing complications.
The best way to prevent Borna virus infection is to avoid contact with infected animals and their bodily fluids. Other preventive measures include:
- Wearing gloves and protective clothing when handling animals or animal tissues
- Washing hands thoroughly after contact with animals
- Avoiding contact with sick or dead animals
- Vaccinating animals against BDV (if available)
